While every diamond is unique, each one shares the same fundamental anatomy.
The way these elements come together dramatically affects a diamond’s sparkle, perceived size, and overall beauty.
At Tang&Co, we believe that understanding diamond anatomy empowers you to go beyond the 4Cs — helping you select a diamond that dazzles from every angle.
Here’s a guide to the eight essential parts of a diamond and why they matter.
What Is Diamond Anatomy?
Each diamond cut and shape has its own style, but all diamonds are built from the same basic sections.
How these sections are proportioned and angled determines how light moves through the stone — and ultimately how much it sparkles.
While a cut grade offers an overall evaluation, knowing the finer details of diamond anatomy allows you to choose higher-performing stones — and even make smarter choices within your budget.
The Key Components of a Diamond
Table |
The table is the largest facet of the diamond. It's located front and center across the top of the stone. The average size is measured as a percentage of the total girdle diameter. |
Crown |
A diamond's crown is the angled area surrounding the table. Crown Height: Measured from the girdle to the table Crown Angle: Formed where the girdle and bezel facets join. This angle has a substantial effect on the appearance of a diamond and directs the light as it enters and exits the stone. |
Girdle |
The girdle refers to the middle portion of the diamond at its widest point. This is also known as its setting edge. An unnecessarily thick girdle will add undesired weight to the diamond. A thin girdle will give the stone a fragile edge that is vulnerable to chipping. A medium or slightly thicker girdle is ideal. |
Diameter |
The Diameter refers to the total width of a polished stone at its widest point. This is sometimes called the girdle diameter. |
Pavilion |
The pavilion is the lower portion of the diamond from just below the girdle to the culet. Pavilion Depth: If the pavilion is cut too shallow or too deep, it will allow too much light to escape through the bottom and sides. An ideal cut will maximize the light reflected upward through the crown Pavilion Angle: This angle will help determine the diamond's overall brightness. |
Lower Girdle/Half Facet Length |
This ratio is determined by measuring the length of the lower girdle facets with respect to the pavilion length. Controls the contrast and brilliance of a diamond |
Culet |
The culet (cue-let) is a tiny facet located at the bottom of a diamond. Ideally, this facet will not be visible to the naked eye Large culets like those prominent in vintage stones are not preferred as they allow light to escape from the bottom of the stone, affecting the overall brilliance. |
Total Depth |
Depth refers to the measurement from the table's surface to the culet. |
Conclusion: Why Anatomy Matters
When choosing a diamond, understanding anatomy — beyond just the 4Cs — is essential.
The cut and how the diamond’s proportions work together determine its fire, brilliance, and scintillation.
At Tang&Co, we select only diamonds that achieve a harmonious balance of light performance and elegance — because every detail matters when crafting forever.
Now that you know the view from the table (and beyond!), you’re ready to find the perfect cut for your crown — or, more importantly, for your engagement ring.